The Miranda Warning

Since the landmark Supreme Court ruling in Miranda v. Arizona in 1966, it has become the practice of police investigators to read suspects their rights -- or  give them the Miranda warning -- before questioning them while in custody. Many times, police give the Miranda warning -- warning suspects they have the right to remain silent -- as soon as they are placed under arrest, to make sure the warning is not overlooked later by detectives or investigators. The Standard Miranda Warning: You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to  speak to an attorney, and to have an attorney present during any questioning. If you cannot afford a lawyer, one will be provided for you at government expense. Sometimes suspects are given a more detailed Miranda warning, designed to cover all contingencies that a suspect might encounter while in police custody. Suspects may be asked to sign a statement acknowledging they understand the following: Detailed Miranda Warning: You have the right to remain silent and refuse to answer questions. Do you understand? Anything you do say may be used against you in a court of law. Do you understand? You have the right to consult an attorney before speaking to the police and to have an attorney present during questioning now or in the future. Do you understand? If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you before any questioning if you wish. Do you understand? If you decide to answer questions now without an attorney present, you will still have the right to stop answering at any time until you talk to an attorney. Do you understand? Knowing and understanding your rights as I have explained them to you, are you willing to answer my questions without an attorney present? What it All Means - FAQ About the Miranda Warning: When should the police read you your Miranda rights? You can be handcuffed, searched and arrested without being Mirandized. The only time the police are required to read you your rights is when they decide to interrogate you. The law is designed to protect people from self-incrimination under interrogation. It is not meant to establish that you are under arrest. It also means that any statement that you make including a confession, before being Mirandized, can be used against you in court, if the police can prove that they were not intending on interrogating you at the time that you made the statements. Example: Casey Anthony Murder Case Casey Anthony was charged with first-degree murder of her daughter. During her trial, her attorney tried to get statements that she made to family members, friends, and the police, suppressed because she had not been read her Miranda rights before making the statements.  The judge denied the motion to suppress the evidence, stating that at the time of the statements, Anthony was not a suspect.   You have the right to remain silent. Take this sentence at face value. It means that you can remain silent when police question you. It is your right, and if you ask any good attorney, they will recommend that you use it- and remain silent. However, you are required to state honestly, your name, address, and whatever other information is required by state law. Anything you do say may be used against you in a court of law. This goes back to the first line of the Miranda warning and why you want to use it. This line explains that if you do start talking, anything you say will (not can) likely be used against you when it is time to go to court. You have the right to an attorney. If you are being questioned by the police, or even before questioning, you have the right to request an attorney be present before you make any statements. But you must clearly say the words, that you want an attorney and that you will remain silent until you get one. Saying, I think I need an attorney, or I heard I should get an attorney, is not clearing defining your position. Once you state that you want an attorney present, all questioning has to stop until your attorney arrives.  Also, once you clearly state that you want an attorney, stop talking. Do not discuss the situation, or even participate in idle chit-chat, otherwise, it could be interpreted as you have willingly revoked (cancelled) your request to have an attorney present. It is like opening the proverbial can of worms. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided for you. If you cannot afford an attorney, an attorney will be appointed to you. If you have requested an attorney, it is also important to be patient. It may take some time to get an attorney for you, but one will come. What if you wave your right to have an attorney present? It is your right to wave the right to have an attorney present during police questioning. It is also your right to change your mind. All that is required is that at any point, before, during or after an interrogation, that you state clearly that you want an attorney and will not answer questions until one is present. At whatever point that you say it, questioning should stop until your attorney arrives. However,  anything that you said before the request can be used against you in court. Exceptions to the Miranda Rule There are three situations when there may be exceptions to the ruling: When the police ask you to provide information such as your name, address, age, date of birth, and employment, you are required to answer those types of questions honestly.When it is considered a matter of public safety or when the public could face imminent danger, a suspect may still be questioned by police, even when they have invoked their right to remain silent.  If a suspect talks to a jailhouse snitch, their statements can be used against them in a court of law, even if they have not yet been Mirandized. See Also: History of Miranda Rights

The Decline Of The Roman Empire Essay - 1768 Words

The Roman Empire was or could be one of the greatest empires to have ever existed to this day. Just like many empires the Roman Empire fell to betrayal, religion, and war. Lasting from 27BC to 1453 the Roman Empire to me is the most interesting empire to talk about. When you take any history class that explores times outside the US, you hear about the Roman Empire being involved some way or somehow. The Roman Empire history can go on for days. I will pack most of the history into a small 5 page essay and if you don’t know anything about the Roman Empire, You will have a better understanding and will more than likely see why I believe the Roman Empire was one of the greatest of all time. Some ask for the bad news first as do I. So I will start this essay telling you how the Roman Empire fell. There are plenty reasons argued as to why the greatest empire fell. I’ve seen plenty of reason but with my research I believe I found the best reason why Rome fell. The western part of the empire had trouble with invasions by barbarian tribes. Rome lost many military forces by these invasions. Germanic tribes were the main struggle for centuries. The Romans uncovered a Germanic uprising in the late fourth century. In 410 the Visigoth King Alaric successfully invaded the city of Rome. The Empire spent the next several decades under constant threat before the Eternal City was raided again in 455 by the Vandals. Finally, in 476, the Germanic leader Odoacer staged a revolt and defeated theShow MoreRelatedThe Decline Of The Roman Empire1463 Words   |  6 PagesWhat were the most important reasons for the decline of the Roman Empire? Why? The fall of the Western Roman Empire is a very broad topic because there were a multitude of continuous events that led to the disappearance of one of the most legendary empires of the world. The seemingly unstoppable Roman Empire would fall due to the fact that many aspects that made Rome such a dominant empire began to fade. Ro me was the center of the world and the thought that such a power in the world could decreaseRead MoreThe Decline Of The Roman Empire1020 Words   |  5 Pages Emperor reforms, outside invasions and financial weakness ultimately caused the decline of the Roman Empire in the West, because each of these events chipped away at the center and the longevity of the Roman Empire from 180 AD to the early fifth century. After the death of the last of the five good emperors, Marcus Aurelius in 180 AD, the Roman Empire began to form into a military monarchy, which was not based on prior lineage but loyalty to the army. The familial aspects of choosing the next emperorRead MoreThe Decline Of The Roman Empire1437 Words   |  6 Pages It is incredible how once the most dominating Empire in the ancient world declined and fell apart so suddenly. The Roman Empire lasted from 31 BCE to 476 CE and controlled most of the Mediterranean world. It was founded when Augustus Caesar converted the conflicted and split Rome into an Empire. At one point, it was the greatest Empire with extraordinary power†¦ But then everything changed. This is due to multiple issues within Rome itself and outside of it as well. First of all,Read MoreThe Decline Of The Roman Empire2298 Words   |  10 Pagestheories on the decline of the Roman Empire and whether or not it completely fell. There are many differe nt theories why the Roman Empire collapsed and what caused it to happened such as military failure, invasions of Barbarians, political problems, economic problems, and the spread of Christianity. Prior to the invasion and fall of the Roman Empire, the economy was crumbling and Rome was headed into a decline. The Empire split into two empires, the Byzantine (Eastern) and the Roman (Western), inRead MoreThe Decline Of The Roman Empire1845 Words   |  8 PagesThe decline of the Roman Empire marked an end to an age of peace and prosperity. Between the years 121 AD to 161 AD, Roman society was ruled under the â€Å"five good emperors† Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antonius Pius, and Marcus Aurelius. Embodied with a wealth of wisdom and competence, the emperors brought Rome to its height of territorial expansion and stability. As the third century rolled around, the empire succumbed to a state of chaos and instability. Under the rule of the barrack emperors, RomanRead MoreThe Declin e And Fall Of The Roman Empire913 Words   |  4 Pages A consistent measure throughout all history has been that all great empires fall. Many theories have been given to why the empire fell, but Gibbons famous book, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, provides reasoning for what we consider as why Rome fell. Even though there was an inconsistency of leadership, the main reason for the decline of the Roman Empire was due to the size of the empire. Supporting Gibbons reasoning, Rome fell because the immense size was too large to control, leadersRead MoreDecline And Fall Of The Roman Empire1310 Words   |  6 Pagesthat the Roman Empire was the greatest Empire in history. They destroyed their enemies and took their land. They had control of the Mediterranean Sea and all of the trade that went through it. Places like the Pantheon were constructed and laws such as stare decisis were created. The Roman Empire was an empire that many people wanted to live under. Then, like all empires eventually do, it fell. Looking at history, there are nine possible reasons for the decline and fall of the Roman Empire. The firstRead MoreThe Decline Of The Roman Empire930 Words   |  4 PagesThe Roman Empire is considered one of the most successful civilizations in the history of the world for many reasons, and because of the large number, the fall of the empire becomes much more interesting. The dominance of Rome at its time wasn t by accident. Various reasons for its success, such as the army, the daily life and the Pax Romana, left a blueprint for how to rule the world. These reasons leave many learners questioning how it could possibly cease to rule for longer than it did. ConspiracyRead MoreThe Decline Of The Roman Empire797 Words   |  4 Pages As the Roman Empire was closing out the end of the third century they were faced with both internal and external concerns (Irvin, History of the World Christian Movement, 160). Some of the contributing factors to the rise of Constantine begun with the wars with the Persians that they were facing, in addition to managing the northern Germanic tribes which contained many of the Roman military resources (Irvin, History of the World Christian Movement, 160). As the Roman Empire began working with someRead MoreThe Decline Of The Roman Empire Essay2032 Words   |  9 Pages By the seventh and eighth centuries, the Roman empire had undergone a series of cultural changes, including an influx of Germanic tribes, political reforms, and most of all, the rise to prominence of Christianity. These social changes have prompted a historical debate over when the Roman Empire fell. According to the Belgian historian, Henry Pirenne, the Roman empire did not die in 476 AD as many of his nineteenth and early twentieth century colleagues maintained. Instead, Pireene argued that Rome

Fast Company Analysis Free Essays

Fastenal Company was founded in 1967 in Winona, Minnesota by Bob Kierlin. During the first month of business, Mr. Kierlin only managed to make $157 in sales. We will write a custom essay sample on Fast Company Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite the slow start, Mr. Kierlin knew what he wanted to do to make Fastenal successful, and that was to provide the kind of service that keeps customers coming back. This is when â€Å"Growth Through Customer Service† was invented. Since then, â€Å"Growth Through Customer Service† has been the mission of Fastenal. Fastenal is an industrial supply company and since 1967, 2,500 stores have opened across 50 states, Canada, Mexico, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Netherlands, Europe, China, and Singapore. Each store utilizes local inventory, outside sales staff, and on-site delivery vehicles to help save the customers’ time and money. Fastenal also owns and operates 16 Distribution Centers with a fleet of over 180 semi-trucks and trailers. Fastenal’s organization structure allows a customer to receive a fully-customized part hand delivered by an employee within three days. Fastenal’s main inventory is fasteners like screw, nuts, washers, and threaded rod. Fastenal has over 700,000 individual inventory items that range from power tools to tape to janitorial supplies. Fastenal’s target market is mainly focused on companies that consistently need to buy parts for the jobs they need to complete regularly. Fastenal even has vending machines stocked with custom inventory to provide companies in need of access to certain parts without having to come into the store each time. Vending machines are critical to the business strategy of Fastenal; the machines provide excellent customer service and convenience without an employee having to be present. It ensures that the companies with the vending machine will continuously and consistently purchase products. Fastenal’s marketing plan relies on monthly product deals that are distributed to every account owner each month. Outside sales staff and managers will deliver the catalogs each month. Fastenal also has an online presence, companies have the ability to go online and design an order template for quick and easy purchasing. Fastenal currently sponsors Carl Edwards from NASCAR, America’s most viewed sport, as an additional source of marketing. In May 2011, Fastenal made over 200,000 sales, 29% more than 2010. Fastenal opened nine new stores this month and 57 this year-to-date. Fastenal has also hired 2,000 more employees compared to 2010. Performance of the company varies from month to month because the winter months of the year typically have less construction occurring which results in a smaller demand of what Fastenal offers. How to cite Fast Company Analysis, Papers

Music Manipulation Essay Example For Students

Music Manipulation Essay I feel that a CD player is a manipulative device. There are many ways a CD player can manipulate, but I have chosen to talk about three specific methods. The first method is the commercial success of the artist. If an artist has found popularity or a lot of recognition a person may think its cool to feel the way the artist does about certain things. A person may change their fashion or anything to show they want to be as cool as the artist is or has as much popularity as the artist is. These are the main ways a person may become manipulated from listening to a certain group or person. The second way I believe, is how appealing the music is to that particular person. For example, if someone is not a jazz fan then jazz music will not have as much of an impact on him or her as jazz would on a jazz fan. You will listen to what the person is saying and their beliefs if you like the music in the first place. A person must like the music for it to sink into their mind enough to cause the manipulation to occur. The next manipulation is lyrical content. This lyrical content method is the most influential in my opinion. As mentioned before, if you like the music then you will be more likely to listen to it more closely to hear what the artist is trying to portray. You can be manipulated by the lyrics by starting to believe them yourself or feel a certain way about a social issue. The lyrics can change your moods and your whole outlook on certain parts of life. For example, if your down about something and you listen to a blues song, you will probably agree with what the artist is saying because you will believe that the artist feels that way to. These three ways of manipulation can change the listener somehow, so therefore the manipulation is successful. Words/ Pages : 334 / 24

August Wilson free essay sample

He has a family that he destroys by having an affair and getting his mistress pregnant. In August Wilson’s Fences, the character who is most bound by societal expectations is Troy. Troy is most bound by societal expectations because he couldn’t live out his dream of becoming a star baseball player because of his past. He refuses to believe that society has changed a lot since then. He settles with what he grew up knowing about society. When Cory tells him he wants to be a football player, he basically tells him to choose another path. Troy settles with being a garbage lifter because he feels that’s what is expected of him. He regrets his past and not becoming a pro baseball star. He takes it out of Cory because he had big dreams like him and he didn’t make it. The character who is least bound by societal expectations is Cory. We will write a custom essay sample on August Wilson or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He is least bound by societal expectations because he is trying to go out and make it playing football. He tries not to pay attention to Troy and his beliefs that he won’t make it because of the society. Cory wants to live outside of the societal expectations and play football in college. In the play Fences Troy failed to see how much society has changed since he was younger. He takes it out on his son Cory who has realized that society has changed and has big dreams. All of Troy’s actions in this play were based on the way he feels about societal expectations and he destroyed his family.

CTY SAT Score Requirements

CTY SAT Score Requirements SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You’ve decided that you want to take part in the Center for Talented Youth (CTY)at Johns Hopkins University. Good for you!Having made this decision, however, you probably have some questions about test score requirements.Do you have to take the SAT to apply for CTY or its programs? What does taking the SAT qualify you for, and how well do you have to do on it? I’ll answer all these questions, and even manage to squeeze in an example from Shakespeare, if you’ll just read on.

Consumer Law And Deceptive Marketing Guidelines Case Study

Consumer Law And Deceptive Marketing Guidelines - Case Study Example Most good companies would avoid such a situation and try to provide a product as per the specifications. Thus it would be wise to study both sides of the aspect and neutrally evaluate the outcome in best interests of society and individuals as well as reasons for companies providing a service or a product, albeit with a rider that profitability than service is their prime concern. The history of consumer protection is not as old as that of the consumers. In 1962, President John F Kennedy introduced 'The Consumer Bill of Rights.' However, before 1965, there was no effective legal protection available for consumers across the world. The idea was first conceived by Garland Dempsey. In December 1965, probably the first refund of $ 787 was provided by a finance company to Mr. and Mrs. Henry Outlaw, the lucky neighbors of Garland Dempsey in North Philadelphia. Mr. Dempsey filed the complaint on their behalf in regard to a swindle of the refinancing of a loan. Another such case, the Gallman case got nationwide approval and led to passage of Consumer Credit Protection Act of 1968 by the Congress. This act was later aptly called "The Truth in Lending Act", the first in the series of consumer protection legislation. Today, across the world, consumer protection laws have evolved protecting consumers from all kinds of manufacturing and retailing defects, protection from fraudulent advertisements, invasion of privacy, deceptive marketing techniques and many such issues. Sections of population defend both sides of the arguments which lead to millions of litigations across the world with sometimes heavy penalties for defaulting companies in the event of intentional deception or even unintentional action leading to loss or damage to a consumer in a financial/personal manner. With the passage of time, certain conventions have emerged for the corporate sector to strictly adhere to, failing which they can be held guilty of consumer rights violation.

Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Obesity - Essay Example Children spend little or no time outside playing and running around because of video games. The pharmaceutical companies provide the population with pills to lose weight and this increases passive lifestyle because psychologically people will always choose swallowing pill over exercises because it’s easy (Flegal et al., 2010). I strongly believe that lifestyle and environmental factors are the major causes and it can be seen that from 1980 the breakthrough in modern technologies in all spheres of life. The dietary habit of people changed as fast foods replaced home foods; people adopted the consumption of fast foods which contain a lot of calories and sugars. This saves time and sometimes money but in reality it comes with serious health consequences. The spread of fast food like wildfire led to increase consumption of high calories and increase in machinery reduced physical activities, in the big picture children spend more time indoors with video games and eating high fatty foods which leads to obesity and the same is seen in adults who spend so much time working. The consumption of fast food relieves them of the â€Å"stress† of cooking and putting into account decrease in physical activities due to machinery. In the developing countries where western lifestyle is being adopted it’s seen that obesity is also increasing. To turn the trend of obesity certain measures need be taken, such as 1) encouraging physical exercises 2) control of appetite by educating the people on the dangers of unhealthy eating, 3) regulating the activities of fast food companies and 4) building of parks and providing free outdoor exercise facilities (Flegal et al., 2010). I will advise him to firstly decrease the consumption of high calorie intake especially in fast food and increase intake of vegetables and fruits, control of appetite and try to exercise at least 3 times in a week with the intensity of the exercise increasing

Innovating Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Innovating - Essay Example However, social constructivism refutes the object obduracy and assumes that people are the only ones who can take the acting status. New technology may fail to lead to new arrangements of things and humans. They, in addition, may generate new forms and causality orders and, indeed, new forms concerned with the world. This means that technology can also generate both moral judgment and knowledge forms. A big portion of innovating part lies in inscribing the vision of the world in the content, which is technical, of the new object. The end of this work is a script or rather a scenario. This part of innovation is primarily concerned with inscription, followed by invention, the inventor, most significantly technology, scenario, script and vision. The author in page 208 till 209 argues that if one has interest in technical objects contrasted to chimera, it is difficult for them to get methodological satisfaction basing on the point of view of the user and the designer only. In conclusion, sociotechnical facts conversion into simple and pure facts depends on the technical object ability to turn into black boxes. This means that as objects become indispensable, they efface

Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct and Indirect Speech Direct and Indirect Speech Cartoon Strip Eureka Phonica Eureka Phonica Eureka Do you know that what has been said can be stated in two ways direct speech and indirect speech? Direct speech means the exact words that have been spoken. Indirect speech means what is said is stated in our own words, so it differs somewhat from what was actually said. When the speech changes from direct to indirect, the tense, person and adverb may change. Indirect speech is presented in the form of an assertive sentence. Four kinds of sentences are presented in direct speech assertive, interrogative, commands and requests and exclamatory. The reporting verbs also change, depending on the kind of sentence. Launch Pad In this chapter, we shall learn how to interchange direct and indirect speech Taking Off Note to Teacher As direct and indirect speech has already been taught prepare flash cards with a sentence in direct speech on one side and the same sentence in indirect speech on the other side. Example : 1) Baiju said, I am going home. 2) Baiju said that he was going out. Divide the class into pairs and provide 2 flash cards to each group. Student A will read out the sentence in direct speech to student B. Student B will change the speech. Student A will turn the card over and check whether the sentence is correct. If it is correct, Student B will score one point. Each pair can exchange their cards with other pairs and score more points. Tell them that we can state what has been said in two ways direct speech and indirect speech. We can state what people have said in two ways. We can state the exact words that were spoken. This is known as direct speech Example : Happy birthday, Ronita ! said the children. Why do you wish to consult me? asked the lawyer. Give me an explanation right now, demanded her father. I will have to set out tomorrow, said Marco Polo. Or We can state what was said in our own words. This is known as indirect speech or reported speech. Example: The children greeted Ronita on her birthday. The lawyer wanted to know why I wished to consult him. Her father demanded an explanation right then. Marco Polo said that he would have to set out the next day. Direct Speech Points to Note The exact words of the speaker are placed within double inverted commas. A comma is placed immediately before the quoted words. Depending on the kind of sentence the end mark is a full stop, a question mark or a mark of exclamation. The first word within quotation marks begins with a capital letter. Assertive Sentences Read the following sentences: Ram said, I am reading this book. Ram said that he was reading that book. Changes take place in the person ( I changes to he), tense (am reading changes to was reading) and adverb (this changes to that) when the speech changes from direct to indirect. said to changes to told. Example: He said to his sister, You can buy the gift. He told his sister that she could buy the gift. If a universal truth is stated in direct speech, the tense does not change in reported speech. Example: She said, Honey is sweet. She said that honey is sweet. If the reporting verb is in the present tense in indirect speech, the reported speech is also in the present tense. Example: He says, The old house seems to be haunted. He says that the old house seems to be haunted. If the verb in direct speech is in the simple past tense, the verb in reported speech also remains in the simple past tense. Example: She said, I went home. She said that she went home. If the verb in direct speech is in the past tense and the time of action is mentioned, the verb changes to past perfect tense in reported speech. Example: She said, I went home at midnight. She said that she had gone home at midnight. Changes in adverbs are as follows: Direct speech Indirect speech now then here there this that these those ago before thus so today that day yesterday the day before/ the previous day tomorrow the next/ following day tonight that night last week the previous week/ the week before here there next week the following week Info Orbit When an assertive sentence changes from direct to indirect there are changes in the person, tense and adverb. The comma after said is replaced with that. said to changes to told. If a universal truth is stated in reported speech the tense does not change If the reporting verb is in the present tense, the tense in reported speech does not change. If the past tense is used in the reported speech in direct speech, it will remain unchanged in indirect speech. If the past tense is used in reported speech in direct speech and the time of the action is mentioned, the simple past tense will change to past perfect tense Practice Pulsars I. Change from direct to indirect speech: There is no need to leave tonight, she said to her friend. He said, The sun is shining brightly. She said to her father, I know you are angry with me.† The scientist said, They will conduct experiments in this laboratory. The princess said to the minister, We have to reach a decision tomorrow. The teacher said to the class, All of you are aware that the earth moves round the sun. Every morning my father says, It is a new day and I am thankful to be alive. Mother said , Today may be a very hot day . He said to me, I am reminding you that time and tide wait for none. The coach said, At this time, next week, the result of the match will be declared. II. Change from indirect to direct The captain told his men that they must not underestimate the enemy. Taruna said that she had no idea how the accident had taken place the previous evening. Usri told the children that all that glitters is not gold. Ginny said that long, long ago there was a continent called Atlantis. Raman said that the following day he would sit down with them and make a plan. The milkman told the lady that the milk was watery as the cow had drunk a lot of water that morning. She says that fifteen minutes of meditation every morning keeps her calm for the rest of the day. Mrs Das told her neighbour that she had gone to Kolkata two years before. Vinita said that those photographs were more precious than gold to her. Old Mrs Vincent was of the opinion that a house was better than a flat. Interrogative sentences When questions are changed to reported speech, the word order becomes the same as that of an assertive sentence. Example: Karan said, When will the match begin? Karan asked when the match would begin. The reporting verb in reported speech is asked, inquired or inquired of, wanted to know etc. Example: Savita said, Where is Peter? Savita asked where Peter was. or Savita inquired where Peter was. Damien said to Rahul, Are you absolutely sure? Damien wanted to know if Rahul was absolutely sure. or Damien inquired of Rahul if he was absolutely sure. Flash tip :1. said changes to asked or inquired. said to changes to asked or inquired of. 2. enquired/ enquired of may be used instead of inquired/inquired of. If the question can be answered with yes or no, if or whether follows the reporting verb. Example: Rama said, Can I use that pen? Rama asked if she could use that pen. If the question cannot be answered with yes or no, the reporting verb is followed by question words like when, what, which, where and how. Example: Rama said, When did this happen? Rama asked when it happened. There are changes in the person, tense and adverbs just like in the assertive sentences. Info Orbit When questions are changed to reported speech, the word order becomes the same as that of an assertive sentence. The reporting verb in reported speech is asked, inquired or inquired of, wanted to know etc. If the question can be answered with yes or no, if or whether follows the reporting verb. If the question cannot be answered with yes or no, the reporting verb is followed by question words like when, what, which, where and how. Practice Pulsar III. Change the speech Damini said, Can you explain the sum now? Rajiv asked Poonam, What are these stacks of paper for? Have you enjoyed yourselves today? said the instructor. Minu inquired, Tom, why are you packing your bag? The children said, Will you take us to the zoo next week? He said, How much further do we have to travel? She asked whether they were ready to go for a walk that evening. Shyam asked me why I was laughing so much. Fanny wanted to know who lived in the old house on the hill. The headman asked if anyone had worked for that company a year back. The detective enquired of the witness if he had seen the man in the photograph. Akhilesh wished to know how many of his classmates would go for a picnic. Commands and Requests Read the given sentences: 1.She said, Please tie your seat belt. She requested me to tie my seatbelt. 2. She said, Buy the necessities before the sun sets. She ordered him to buy the necessities before the sun set. 3. She said, Let us organise a party. She suggested that they should organise a party. The reporting verb is requested, told, asked, suggested etc. The main verb in direct speech changes to an infinitive in indirect speech. tie in sentence 1 changes to to tie, and buy in sentence 2 changes to to buy. Even when the person who is being addressed is not mentioned in direct speech, we have to mention the person in indirect speech. Example : He said, Please sit down. He requested her to sit down. When the direct speech begins with let, the reporting verb changes to suggested and the main verb is preceded by should in reported speech. In sentence 3 organise changes to should organise. Info Orbit The reporting verb is requested, told, asked, suggested etc. The main verb in direct speech changes to an infinitive in indirect speech. Even when the person who is being addressed is not mentioned in direct speech, we have to mention the person in indirect speech. When the direct speech begins with let, the reporting verb changes to suggested and the main verb is preceded by should in reported speech. Practice Pulsar IV. Change the speech: Keep the vase on the table, Sima, she said. Make sure that you have enough water, the guide said. Please do not make so much noise, said the official to the visitors. Let us clean the compound, said the monitor. Switch off the fans and lights before you leave, he said. Kindly contribute generously, said the child at the door. She ordered the children to cross the road cautiously. They requested us to wait for a few hours before lodging a complaint. The man told us to take a right turn to reach the bakery. We suggested to the old people that they should visit the orphanage once a week. The officer ordered the men to take up their positions. He requested her to take off her shoes outside the temple. Exclamations and Exclamatory Sentences Read the given sentences: He said, Alas! I have lost everything. He exclaimed in sorrow that he had lost everything. The reporting verb said in direct speech changes to exclaimed in reported speech. The emotion that is expressed by the exclamation in direct speech is stated in reported speech. So Alas! is replaced by exclaimed in sorrow. She said, How hot the day is! She exclaimed that the day was very hot. When an exclamatory sentence in direct speech begins with How or What, it is usually replaced with very in reported speech. Info Orbit The reporting verb said in direct speech changes to exclaimed in reported speech. The emotion that is expressed by the exclamation in direct speech is stated in reported speech. Practice Pulsar V. Change the speech He said, Hurrah! I have won the lottery. She said, What a pretty little girl you are! The lady said, What a fool I have been! He said, Oh! This is the best car I have seen. He said, O God! Forgive me for what I have done. The teacher congratulated him, saying that he had done very well. Wendy exclaimed that the bed was very comfortable. Madan exclaimed in joy that he was free at last. The jackal exclaimed that the crow had a very sweet voice. Ms Parekh exclaimed in grief that her brother was responsible for his own downfall. Ellen exclaimed that the weather was very chilly. Brendan exclaimed that it was a great pity that they had missed the show. Word Zoomer Reported Speech : Indirect speech is also known as reported speech. When direct speech changes to reported speech usually the first and second person change to the third person, the present tense changes to the past tense and the adverbs showing nearness in time and position are replaced by adverbs that show distance in time and position. Direct Speech : The words that are actually said. These are placed within quotation marks. Reporting verb : The verb that introduces direct speech or reported speech. For e.g. said, exclaimed, asked, whispered, requested and commanded. Touch Down When assertive sentences in direct speech are changed to indirect speech there are changes in the person, tense and adverb. the comma after said is replaced with that. said to changes to told. if a universal truth is stated in reported speech the tense does not change if the reporting verb is in the present tense, the tense in reported speech does not change. if the past tense is used in the reported speech in direct speech, it will remain unchanged in indirect speech. if the past tense is used in reported speech in direct speech and the time of the action is mentioned, the simple past tense will change to past perfect tense When interrogative sentences in direct speech are changed to indirect speech the word order becomes the same as that of an assertive sentence. the reporting verb in reported speech is asked, inquired or inquired of, wanted to know etc. if the question can be answered with yes or no, if or whether follows the reporting verb. if the question cannot be answered with yes or no, the reporting verb is followed by question words like when, what, which, where and how. When requests and commands in direct speech are changed to indirect speech the reporting verb is requested, told, asked, suggested etc. the main verb in direct speech changes to an infinitive in indirect speech. even when the person who is being addressed is not mentioned in direct speech, we have to mention the person in indirect speech. when the direct speech begins with let, the reporting verb changes to suggested and the main verb is preceded by should in reported speech. When exclamations and exclamatory sentences are changed to indirect speech the reporting verb said in direct speech changes to exclaimed in reported speech. the emotion that is expressed by the exclamation in direct speech is stated in reported speech. Flash tip : The shortest letters are said to have been exchanged between Victor Hugo and his publisher. When Les Miserables was released Victor Hugo wanted to know if it was well-received or not, so he sent a letter to his publisher with only ? written on it. The publishers response also consisted of a single punctuation mark ! Star Exercise I. Each of the following sentences contains an error. Correct the sentences. Rani said to Praveen that she would go over to his house that day. Brinda said that it was almost ten o clock now. She asked that if the bakers boy had delivered the bread. Sandeep said that the earth was round. Mohan said, Sandeep you are absolutely right. Deepa said, How cute the puppies look. Anand said You can leave the room now. Do not look so sad, said my friend. II. Read the dialogue given below and fill in the blanks: Akram Nibha Akram Nibha Akram Nibha Why are you looking so worried? My father has been transferred to a new place. Dont you want to go with him? I do, but I shall miss all my friends. What a lucky girl you are ! You will be seeing a new place and making new friends. I am feeling much better. Thank you. Akram asked Nibha (1) .. Nibha replied that her father (2).. Akram then inquired if (3) . with him. Nibha said that she did, but (4) Akram exclaimed that (5) . because she would be seeing (6) Nibha thanked him because (7) .. Comet Exercise Choose the correct alternative Shalini and Malini were twins. One day, while taking a walk Shalini said, I dont think (1. we have taken the right path / we had taking the right path/ we had taken the right path). Malini looked around and found nothing wrong. Why had Shalini made such a comment? She felt that her sister (2. has made a mistake /had made a mistake /is making a mistake.) Shalini pointed to a tree. (3.What do you have to say about it? / What did she have to say about it?/ What did you have to say about it? ) Malini (4.asked/exclaimed/ told) that it was (5. a very huge tree/ very huge trees/ a huge tree). Shalini sighed, You lack observation powers. We walk here every day. Have you seen it before? Malini answered, No, I have not. ( 6.I think we took a wrong turning / I am thinking we took a wrong turning/ I have thought we took a wrong turning) near the bazaar. Shalini (7.asked/ requested/ exclaimed) an old man (8. if he can help them / if he could help them / whether he could helps them). The old man guided them back and (9. advised/ commanded/ requested) them to be careful in future. Shalini and Malini assured him that (10. yes/ they would be more careful/ they will be more careful).

The Tragedy of Oedipus Rex :: Oedipus the King Oedipus Rex

The Tragedy of Oedipus Rex Oedipus Rex is a tragedy that illustrates a man's sense of justice. The same man is also paranoid and impulsive. In the text, he overcomes his negative characteristics and succumbs to his greater sense of justice and responsibility. The king of Thebes is shown as a just ruler who cares about the suffering of his people. After saving the city from the Sphinx and her riddle, King Oedipus learns that a plague has beset upon the population. After consulting with the oracle at Delphi, Oedipus realizes that an unsolved crime is the cause for the suffering of the people. In this consultation, the oracle tells Creon that corruption must be driven from the land. At this point, the corruption is assumed to be the murder of the previous king of Thebes. This is a hint of what is to come in the reading. A simple murder is usually described as a crime or an offense. The word corruption alludes to a greater span of wrong that has been committed. In his rash manner, Oedipus sets out to solve this mystery so that the plague in Thebes will end. When the blind prophet Tiresias is summoned, the king loses his temper and shows more of his true character. After relentlessly questioning Tiresias, the perpetrator of the murder is revealed. Oedipus himself is the murderer being sought. After being insulted in Corinth, Oedipus had angrily left and set out on his own. In his journey, he encountered King Laius's party enroute to the oracle. The two parties clashed at the crossroads and Oedipus killed all but one of his foes. The curse that Jocasta describes came true on that day. She had tried to avoid fate by casting away the infant Oedipus, but years later he reappeared at that junction near Phocis. King Laius was Oedipus's father and the curse bore fruit. James Weigel best summarizes Oedipus's sense of justice in his writing: "Having learned the full truth of his dark destiny, his last act as king is to blind himself furiously over the dead body of Jocasta, his wife and mother. It is a terrible, agonizing moment, even in description. But in his depths of pain Oedipus is magnificent. He does not submit passively to his woe or plead that he committed his foul act in ignorance, although he could do so with justice. He blinds himself in a rage of penitence, accepting total responsibility for what he did and determined to take the punishment of exile as well" (Weigel 1601).

Poverty an Pollution

In the Article Poverty and Pollution, there are many things being discuss such as poverty, pollution, harmful gases, the percentage of infant mortality and how nearly 13,000 suffer from respiratory disease. Many residents are suffering from different/variety of health problem as an result. These problems are very serious and dangerous. The people over in Brazil’s â€Å"valley of death† are having difficulties breathing and could die if there’s nothing done about the situation. As it stated in the case a reporter for the National Geographic wasn’t there an hour and started having complication, his chest began aching, the air was so polluted that the sir inflamed his bronchial tubes and restricted his breathing. You also have kids can’t go out side like normal kids because the air is so polluted they can barely breathe. Due to financial issue resident can’t afford to move. Dr Oswaldo Compos say the poor is paying the price. If so other countries should find ways to solve or even help the situation. Maybe the poor do pay the price of pollution, but there are those who believe that they should have more of it. I feel the poor should not have to suffer because of the polluting in the air. It should be safe where ever live, you shouldn’t have to live inside your homes because of this. They have to change their lives completely because due to the circumstances. I’m quite sure these residents are tired of sitting in the house? Or not being able to shop like they want, or maybe the fact taking their kids to the park? It enough that they have to deal with this but the fact of being in the house all day everyday it just ridiculous. These residents have to be cautions of everything they come in contact with. Lawrence Summer the director of the National Economic Council and formerly President of Harvard University. Summers focused on things that should be done first, second and third. He makes really good points. As he stated pollution costs rise disproportionately as pollution increase, it make sense to shift pollution from already dirty places. But who really suffers? The poor? Or the rich? You have people who agree with Summer’s and you also have some that do disagree with him as well. Some feel his idea’s are a recipe for ruin, while others thinks his idea’s are basically on the right track. Here’s a little insight on poverty: First here’s a little insight on poverty. Poverty is the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money. Absolute poverty or destitution refers to the deprivation of basic human needs, which commonly includes food, water, sanitation, clothing, shelter, healthcare and education. For much of history, poverty was considered largely unavoidable as traditional modes of production were insufficient to give an entire population a comfortable standard of living. After the industrial revolution, mass production in factories made wealth increasingly more inexpensive and accessible. Or more importance is the modernization of agriculture, such as fertilizers, in order to provide enough yield to feed the population. About 25,000 people die every day of hunger or hunger-related causes, according to the United Nations. This is one person every three and a half seconds, as you can see on this display. Unfortunately, it is children who die most often. And it sadden me to hear that children are the ones that is most often die. Yet there is plenty of food in the world for everyone. The problem is that hungry people are trapped in severe poverty. They lack the money to buy enough food to nourish themselves. Being constantly malnourished, they become weaker and often sick. This makes them increasingly less able to work, which then makes them even poorer and hungrier. This downward spiral often continues until death for them and their families. The â€Å"Americans† that so many of us have taken for granted for so many decades is literally disintegrating right in front of our eyes. Most Americans are still operating under the delusion that the United States will always be â€Å"the wealthiest nation† in the world and that our economy will always produce large numbers of high paying jobs and the U. S. will always have a very large middle class. But that is not what is happening. The very foundations of the U. S. economy have rotted away and we now find ourselves on the verge of an economic collapse. Already millions of Americans are slipping out the middle class and into the devastating grip of poverty. Statistic after statistic proves that the middle class in the United States is shrinking month after month. Meanwhile, millions of American starting to wake up and are beginning to realize that we have very serious problems in our hands, but they have no idea what is causing our economic distress and they are unaware that most of our politicians have absolutely no idea how to fix the economy disaster that we have created. Hunger and Poverty: †¢ Despite years of progress against hunger, in 2010, it is estimated that 925 million people suffer from hunger. This is due to a sudden spike in global food prices and the onset of world-wide economics crisis. †¢ In 2005, the latest year for which date is available, 1. billion people in developing countries lived in extreme poverty, or less than $1. 25 a day, down from 1. 9 billion in 1981. Regional Disparities: †¢ Poverty has declined dramatically in East Asia and in India since 1981 relative to population growth. Sub-Saharan Africa has been little change in the proportion of people who live in extreme poverty between 1981 and 2005, w ith 51% of the population living on less than $1. 25 per day, down from 53% in 1981. The absolute number of people in extreme poverty has almost doubled during the same period, from 200 million in 1981 to almost 400 million in 2005. About 75% of the world’s poor people live in rural areas and depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Malnutrition: †¢ In 2008, nearly 9 million children did before they reached their fifth birthday. One third of these deaths are due directly or indirectly to hunger and malnutrition. Malnutrition is not having enough nourishing food, with adequate amounts of protein, vitamins, minerals and calories to support physical and mental growth and development. Children who survive early childhood malnutrition poor physical growth, compromised immune function, and impaired cognitive ability. Around the world, 178 million children under 5 are stunted, low height for age of all stunted children, 90 percent live in just 36 countries, most of them in sub-Saharan Africa and South and Central Asia. †¢ In countries with high levels of childhood malnutrition, the economic loss can be as high as 2-3 percent of GDP. U. S. Development Assistance: †¢ U. S. development assistance accounts for about 0. 2% of gross national income. Since 2000, U. S. poverty-focused development assistance has tripled, and currently totals a little over $28 billion, but this amount still represents less than 1% of the federal budget. From 1985 to 2005, U. S. development assistance to support agriculture and rural development declined from 12 percent of all official development assistance to just 3. 1 percent. We are told that globalization calls for accountability and that accountability demands uniform universal standards. That sounds reasonable doesn’t it? But what about the standardized beliefs and values? Like it or not such standards are here. There is nothing inherently wrong with standards. I would propose a plan such as countries coming together and focusing on making different co unties a better place to live. Start by cleaning up and dealing with the main issues. Poverty and Pollution is very dangerous and no one should not have to indure such tragic things. While doing and focusing on the direst issue I would find funding in helping areas such sheltering, sanitation, clothing, food, water, health as well as education. These are so important in life, people can’t function properly without this. You have people having respiratory issues due so much bad pollution in the air. I would also focus on getting teams or starting a foundation on cleaning up our communities and having a safe place to live. Many families are suffering everyday due to pollution, they are not having normal live as they should. The majors steps I would take are : How to help stop Pollution: 1. I would surf the web for solution 2. Think small ( the little things adds up) 3. Speak out!!!! Put sign up saying Please Recycle ( Tell people what you know) I would do whatever it takes to get the word out. Express idea’s that would make it better. I would also start a group and we would meek at least once a week to discuss the issue at hand.

American Revolutionary War General Essay

The American Revolution was the course by which numerous American colonies became an autonomous nation. It involved novel ideas grounded on republicanism and needed success in a long battle with Britain. Following the fighting that raged for nearly a year, the United States declared independence in 1776, as an autonomous country and established a coalition with France that leveled the naval and military might of the two nations. The fundamental cause was the British government’s refusal to permit Americans voice their concerns in setting duties. During the pre-revolutionary period, some notable events such as the Braddock’s expedition influenced the revolutionary path. The Braddock’s expedition commenced in 1755 in Pennsylvania . Among the volunteers during the expedition was Daniel Morgan who is considered one of the most victorious field leaders during the American Revolution. The tales of this renowned patriot and the regiments that operated under his command in the Boston siege, assault of Quebec, the obliteration of Burgoyne’s forces at Saratoga as well as his devastating conquer of Banastre Tarleton cannot be forgotten. Not much is known concerning the Daniel Morgan’s early life. It is generally thought that he was born in New Jersey in the year 1736 . His early life was signified by a rough frontiersmen outlook. He left original home when he was a child and established in Winchester, Virginia. Morgan was remarkably strong and a tireless, hardworking worker. He started by employing himself out but within a very short period of time earned sufficient confidence from his boss to be in charge of the boss’s sawmill. Although Morgan would sink into debts severally, he managed to save sufficient money to establish an autonomous wagon. Generally, Morgan was a prosperous captain, militia, farmer and a respectable citizen. When in 1775, the Continental Congress sanctioned the recruitment of two firms of Virginia riflemen, Morgan was the unchallenged choice from his Virginia County to recruit and head one of them. Early Career Daniel Morgan had an unconquerable spirit together with rapid wit made him a favorite amongst the people and before long most of the colleagues from Berryville and Winchester looked upon him as their leader . An agitated and high-spirited individual, he abandoned home in his early teens and established in Virginia. The muscular man was repeatedly in problems with the laws for affraying in taverns and failing to pay card debts and liquor. As a trucker, he accompanied the unfortunate Braddock’s expedition. His career started his career by working as a planter but was later given a job to work as a trucker for a wagon. Within a period of six months, Daniel had saved sufficient cash to purchase own team and cart and became a trucker under his own management on the Great Wagon Road . This road started in Philadelphia, traversing via Lancaster, shifted southward to Maryland, Frederick, traversed through Winchester, crossed the middle and eastern sections of Virginia Valley ending up in North Carolina. Morgan’s first hand experience of North Carolina and southwest Virginia added to his eye-catching defeat of Tarleton and the following idiotic tactics of Cornwallis to arrest him resulting to the British conquer at Yorktown as the American Revolution ended . Braddock’s Expedition The war of Monongahela commenced in 1755, near the location of contemporary-day Braddock, Pennsylvania. After it ended, over five hundred British forces lay dead and approximately five hundred were wounded . Only three hundred managed to escape the menace uninjured including George Washington . Edward Braddock, a British commander had been fatally wounded and succumbed to injuries several days later. Braddock’s men suffered badly from the initial stages of the war. The Tactics used by Indians were supremely appropriate for woodland battle. Battle between the French and British on the border implied additional work for Daniel who volunteered ferrying materials for the British forces. The rival assertions of England and France for the rich valleys southwest of Alleghenies had started to create slaughter. The French had already conquered the England fort located on the Allegheny Rivers and Monongahela and Washington had attempted to repossess it only to admit defeat at Great Meadows. Colonel Braddock was dispatched from Britain to conquer the tracts on the western side of the mountains. He brought a force comprising a collection of artillery and two regiments. There was need to procure transportation and Daniel volunteered his services. In addition to the regulars, Braddock also enjoyed the company of several men and camp followers. The forces were gathered at Cumberland pending the Braddock’s arrival. The aim was to proceed but the mission was delayed for several days while teams and wagons were found to carry the equipments and baggage. Once the regiment was in motion the journey was extremely slow. The roads were dominated by creeks and swamps and the terrains rough. Braddock made a decision to walk ahead with one thousand two hundred men and to abandon the artillery and baggage with Colonel Dunbar. Dunbar’s forces set camp at Great Meadows, the dawdlers started arriving with information concerning Braddock’s defeat. Fear and panic spread throughout the entire camp at the imagination that the enemy might attack. The following day most of the troops went back home together with most of the teams and wagons, abandoning the helpless and wounded. Due to the nature of Daniel’s work, he was among those in the wagon trains when Braddock’s forces were assaulted and nearly eliminated by an Indian and French alliance; instead of materials, Daniel found himself ferrying wounded soldiers . The condition on the Virginia frontier and Pennsylvania was ominous. The Braddock’s defeat left the border open for the murdering and robbing of the border populace. At a period when condition demanded all men to be available to safeguard the defenseless population, Dunbar and his troops left for Philadelphia. The Virginia’s administration met the condition with swiftness and energetically raised an extra force of sixteen firms under Washington to protect the frontier. Washington assigned forces at different places along the frontier. Morgan was assigned the responsibility of ferrying supplies along the defense lines. This was an extremely risky task as a trucker and was regularly exposed to serious dangers from the loitering foe. Morgan escaped death narrowly no several occasions. Experience with British Forces In the year 1756, Daniel experienced a dreadful disagreement with a lieutenant from Britain . The officer had been offended by something Daniel had articulated and after abusing him verbally; he hit him with the edge of his blade. Daniel’s instantaneous right cross hit the officer meaningless knocking him cold. The defiant act led to speedy military justice. The British laws were excessive on this form of crime and Daniel was accorded five hundred strokes, the harshest penalty possible. Such punishments were neither uncommon for the British forces nor was it unusual for men to pass away under the stroke. He obtained all of the punishment except one stroke. Daniel was too strong to pass away, but the familiarity left his body a piece of hamburger and bone . Once the wounds healed over, nonetheless, he acquired a priceless visual aid that proved important to him severally. It was articulated that the penalty would have murdered a slighter man. Until this period Daniel had not commanded anyone. He had helped Braddock and in return got wrongly trodden for his endeavors. The battle frenzied on and extended to the bottom of the blue hills. Fort Louden and Fort Cumberland were attacked by the foe standing just two hundred miles away from Daniel’s dwelling in Winchester. The militia was called to Fort Garrison and Daniel headed the forces towards the fort and commanded to for some period. Although none of his position is documented, it is widely assumed that he commanded the garrison. Shortly after his arrival, a body of Indians and French attacked Fort Edwards. Owing to Daniel’s leadership and bravery, the assault was halted. The battalion sallied forward and surpassed their enemies wounding and killing numerous Indians as the escaped in all directions. In 1758, General Forbes, the leader of the British battalion planned to assault Fort Duquesne; Daniel was suggested by leading officers of Virginia for the captaincy post. Governor Dinwiddie rejected the recommendation and only an ensign’s charge was obtainable. Daniel accepted the charge and was positioned at different forts beside the border in 1758 . Devastating Attack Daniel was dispatched from these forts with a company of two defense force . He was assaulted by a group of Indians and French. The defense forces were blasted and fell right away off the horsebacks. Daniel was stroke by a gunshot that pierced via his neck, scraping one part of his neck-bone, and then passing via the mouth . The gunshot removed all of Daniel’s teeth, but surprising enough didn’t harm the jawbone. In other words, Daniel’s head had been shot. Although wounded terribly, Daniel never fell from the horseback. The blood oozed effortlessly out of the gunshot wound and he was vulnerably weak, yet in such circumstances he was capable of keeping his feelings long enough to run away from additional harm. The horse he rode on panicked at first and froze, But Daniel seized her neck in an attempt to spurn her on . Incredibly, the horse curved and headed back to the fort. The Indians, assuming Daniel was fatally wounded, descended upon the defense forces searching for scalps. Daniel, also assuming he was just about to perish, speeded the horse to escape from his chasers to avoid mangling of his body. Daniel’s horse arrived at the fort when he was insensible. He remained in a critical condition for a long period of time, but with judicious treatment and good care, he recovered. Daniel later went back to Fredrick where his manly and bravery behavior had accorded him a high standing amongst his folks. Experience as a Lieutenant The Indian and French War ended and it seemed as if Daniel would get a chance to lead a nonviolent live. But following the peace treaty Pontiac’s battle broke out, an onslaught that destroyed the whole Western Frontier. Virginia reacted by recalling militia into active service to assist the existing battalion already stationed on the border. The forces were put under the authority of Colonel Stevens. Daniel was posted as a lieutenant in the regiment. In a crucial battle, the Indians were conquered and forced to implement a peace agreement without Daniel participating in the battle. The band of soldiers was disbanded and therefore ended the war. Leader of County Militia In 1771, the governor of Virginia, William nelson commissioned Daniel as Captain of Frederick County’s militia . This was a period of great extension on Virginia border, a development which disappointed Indian populace. Great carnages were happening in places such as Kentucky and Virginia’s populace feared that the trouble would spread to Virginia quickly. Their fears were confirmed and atrocities were committed by a band of settlers, instigating Dunmore’s War. Governor of Virginia, Lord Dunmore, was confident to deal with the issue himself. He commanded a big battalion from the northern region to be organized and four brigades of volunteers and militia to be arranged in the Southern regions. While staffing for these regiments was being executed, a defense force was recruited to position itself between the border and the settlements under McDonald command. It was under the command of McDonald that Daniel took the leadership. He recruited several men and proceeded to Wheeling in Virginia to link up with McDonald. Major McDonald was initially requested to assume a defensive location, but decided to launch offenses due to lack of arrangements with the Indians. Daniel’s forces rapidly pushed the Indians from their locations forcing them to retreat. An Experienced Fighter By the year 1775 Daniel was an assessed and country fighter. He was capable of fighting using Indians methods of fighting and was proficient in using Pennsylvania gun, a long, thin tool of great accuracy and range. Not amazingly, when the Congress commanded the recruitment of ten firms of border riflemen to work as light infantry, Daniel was selected as a captain. After the U. S revolutionary War started at the skirmish of Concord and Lexington, the Congress established the famous Continental Army. The Congress gathered and called for creation of rifle firms from colonies to assist the Boston Siege and General Washington was named the commander of the army. It permitted the recruitment of twenty thousand men into the army. Congress also required ten firms of riflemen to be called into service in Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania states. Among the companies provided by Virginia State, Daniel Morgan was chosen as the leader of one rifle firm by the commission of Frederick County through an undisputed vote . Daniel’s first significant assignment surfaced in 1775, when worked in Benedict Arnold’s voyage that attacked Canada . Exposed to the waist and sporting Indian breechlout and leggings, Morgan led the expedition. During the assault, he took momentary command Montogomery’s murder. He battled valiantly against the foe until ultimately overpowered by larger numbers and forced to surrender. Although Daniel spent eight months in an English detention prior to exchange, his notable achievements at Quebec gave him merited acknowledgment. He was endorsed for the post of colonel and provided with a special force of light infantry comprising five hundred selected backwoodsmen. Achievements during Revolution Saratoga War Daniels’ light forces had its best moments in the Saratoga battle of 1777, when he rushed to help the northern army, then refuting the southward campaign from Canada of General Burgoyne . Burgoyne had witnessed his forces repulsed at Bennington and Oswego and his weapons run precariously thin in New York. During the battle, American colonel Horatio permitted Burgoyne to exploit his supplies in unsuccessful probes. Morgan was used by Gates to annoy and delay the enemy. The rifleman, utilizing their woodland knowledge effectively killed many redcoats. Soon enclosed by Gate’s forces and bands of militiamen, Burgoyne surrendered at Saratoga. As other attacks in the south were being evaluated, Britain’s standing among the colonies was tarnished both militarily and politically with enemies as well as friends. Morgan went back to Washington’s forces with splendor and immediately joined army politics. He believed his achievements would earn him a larger command as well as promotion particularly because a novel light infantry was being formed. However, the Congress felt that Virginians fielded sufficient Generals and offered the authority to a Pennsylvanian, Anthony Wayne. Cowpens War After a long period of inactivity, Morgan chose to accomplish his stand at Cowpens after the American grounds brightened in the South with a novel leader, Nathanael Greene who dispatched him into South Carolina . Confident to eliminate Daniel before attacking the higher south, Cornwallis dispatched Tarleton to pursue him. Daniel’s assumed advantage of Tarleton’s behavior for rapid action and his disregard for the inexperienced militia and the accuracy and longer range of Virginia riflemen. The gunmen were located to the frontline while both the regulars and militia remained behind. The first units were required to withdraw upon being threatened thus provoking a premature attack. During the campaign, Morgan famed himself as a leader of troops who nevertheless sustained the ordinary touch and maintained their secret. Typical soldiers toiled harder and shoved themselves a little bit further when Daniel was supervising them. The approach achieved enormous results; as the English troops neared, the American troops reloaded their guns. When the enemy got close they fired in their faces. Within a very short time, Tarleton’s one thousand and seventy six men got wounded, one hundred and ten killed and eight hundred and thirty captured . Although Tarleton managed to escape, all his equipments and supplies were captured by the Americans. Daniel’s cunning strategy is widely viewed to be the strategic masterwork of the battle and the most effectively executed envelopment of contemporary military history . Conclusion Braddock’s conquer was indeed one of the drastic events of the period before American Revolution. It left population settlements in Virginia and Pennsylvania susceptible to Indian and French invasion. Braddock’s expedition also improved Daniel Morgan’s standing and assisted helped him to be the sensible choice for an officer of Riflemen units in the American Revolution. Finally, the expedition was a significant chapter to the long battle with the Indian forces for the administration of the western Pennsylvania and Ohio valley. Saratoga War was also a significant success, won when United States required success in the most awful way and played an integral role in influencing other governments such as French administration to formally join the battle to aid the besieged colonies. The coalition with France became pivotal in maintaining American Revolutionary military resistance and resolve Bibliography Cassell, Frank. The Braddock Expedition of 1755: Catastrophe in the Wilderness, n. d, < (29 July 2009) Cheaney, Janie. Daniel Morgan, 1998, < http://jrshelby. com/kimocowp/morgan. htm> (29 July 2009). Chapel, Hill. Daniel Morgan: Revolutionary Rifleman. North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press, 1979. Daily, Allen. History of the Descendants of David Morgan, 2000, (29 July 2009). Frassett, James. Revolutionary War, 2000, (29 July 2009) Jacob Cushing, A Sermon Preached at Lexington, April 20th 1778. Boston: Powars & Willis, 1776. John Archdale, â€Å"A New Description of that Fertile and Pleasant Province of Carolina,† Narratives of Early Carolina, (1911): 277-313. Richard Price, A Discourse on the Love of Our Country . . . Commemorating the Revolution in Great Britain. London: Edward E. Powars, 1789.

Learning Design Styles essays

Learning Design Styles essays Schools were originally set up to handle a society in which it was imbedded in a society of farms and factories (Reinventing Schools). Today only about twenty percent of employed population now works in these areas (RS). Schools not only have to deal with career changes in our population, they also have to deal with the mixture of ethnicities and cultures of students. Teachers in schools today are faced with the challenge of teaching students that come from different backgrounds and ethnic groups. Teachers are also faced with the challenge of making learning meaningful to each student. Since society has changed dramatically since the origins of schools were set up, this means that the curriculum, today, has to be changed as well to meet the needs of all children. In our current society, children need to develop skills required to work with information, whether it is to analyze, generate new, store, or retrieve (RS). Teachers realize and believe that students needs need to change, but are caught up in a system where every minute of our day is set up and accounted for leaving little or no time for anything else. We as educators need to better understand and analyze different learning designs such as Knowledge, Problem-Solving, Literacy, Using-Information, and Community. The need to see where technology can impede these models of learning desired is necessary to allow the integration into the classroom. The typical approach to disseminating knowledge in the past and present, which sorry to say, to deliver content through lecture followed by some practice activities and then culminating into a standardized test is not very effective for all students. Quality of teaching and mastery of content is determined on the test score achieved not how well a student can retain and apply knowledge. Each student is unique and therefore learns differently. Our jobs as teachers, is to ensure that we are reaching each student in our cla...

Supply Chain Integrity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Supply Chain Integrity - Essay Example In view of the fact that the world has become a global village and today’s businesses operate in an environment that goes beyond the limitations of boundaries and borders. Hence, due to expansion of business infrastructures there emerges another major issue that is regarding compliance with immeasurable global laws and regulations posed by a number of countries and worldwide trade unions to deal with violence and money laundering. In this scenario, the majority of issues can be resolved effectively only if supply chain staff make use of the appropriate technologies and tools. In addition, the use of effective information technology based applications and tools can allow the business organizations to put together entire supply chain system and all applicable aspects, hence handling security risks, growing visibility, eventually maintaining supply chain integrity. The use of these technology based tools and applications can provide the organizations with simplicity for the manag ement of all supply chain associates, comprising suppliers, customers, distributers, customs department and service providers. Moreover, these tools and technologies are very useful to supply chain managers in attaining absolute simplicity of a wide variety of business processes such as delivery, procurement and completion systems, comprising keeping an eye on stock schedule and receiving notifications or replacement in case the level of stock becomes low (Eyefortransport, 2013; Gartner, Inc., 2012). The basic purpose of this research is to discuss the impact of supply chain integrity on business organizations. This paper discusses some of the important aspects associated with supply chain, supply chain management, and supply chain integrity. This paper will discuss issues in supply chain integrity and solutions to address those issues. Supply Chain and Supply Chain Management In their book, (Laudon & Laudon, 1999, p. 55) define the supply chain management as a process that combines some of the most important business activities such as the service providers, end customers, retailers logistics operations into a particular reliable way†. In this scenario, the supply chain is believed to be the most important aspect of supply chain management as it involves a variety of corporate operations such as manufacturing units and plants, distribution channels and centers, retail outlets, staff and information, services, which are linked all the way through the specific business units for instance logistics or procurement, with the purpose of delivering end products and services from manufacturing unit to end customers. Basically, in a supply chain process, these products, goods or services come as raw materials and develop by means of an organization’s logistics and manufacturing system until they are delivered to the end customers. To deal with the supply chain, an organization attempts to get rid of impediments and engrave the amount of resources engaged along the way. This can be carried out by streamlining the organizations inside operations or by plummeting inventory costs by getting information from the suppliers to put of release of goods and their payments until the instant they are required. Information Technology makes well-organized supply chain manag

The Holistic Assessment Process Based on the Goal of Facilitating Essay

The Holistic Assessment Process Based on the Goal of Facilitating Recovery - Essay Example This paper shall first present an overview of the clinical presentation of the service user. Secondly, it will identify the needs of the service user required to achieve recovery. Lastly, it shall present a critique of my involvement in the assessment process and how this reflected the principles of recovery. Body Overview Mrs. Smith is 46 years old, and was admitted to the mental health unit after she accused her son of apparently spying on her. She also attempted to slash her wrists claiming that there were some implants there placed by government agents spying on her. She is married and has been for the past 20 years and has been a math teacher at a local community college for the past 10 years and before that, has worked as an analyst with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). She has three children, all grown and she is living with her husband and one of her children. She has an IQ of a genius and has had no known history of any mental illness. For the past ten years howeve r, she expressed that sometimes she has often felt depressed, but did not seek professional mental health. Her husband declares that he also noticed his wife being paranoid about other people spying on them. He also shared that he thinks his wife is sometimes speaking to someone that he could not see, and that when he asked her who she was talking to, she said she was talking to her friend. She also believes that she is secretly working for the FBI and is sending and interpreting coded messages for them. She also believes that as a result of her work with the FBI, Russian spies want to kill her and so she is suspicious of every mail man or stranger that knocks on their door. As a result of her delusions, she was asked to take a sabbatical leave of absence from her work and to seek mental help. She is however in major denial over her mental health, insisting that what she sees and what she believes are all real. Two weeks prior to her current admission, after her husband left for wor k, she locked herself in the house and refused to open it to anyone. She drew the curtains and turned off all the lights. She then went to the bathroom and locked herself, taking with her a baseball bat to serve as a ‘weapon’ to ward off any supposed attackers. Her son came over to check on her and when he could not get in the door, used his key to get in the house. When his mother was not answering his calls, he then checked every room and found the bathroom door locked. He also heard his mother telling him to go away and leave her alone. Worried that his mother is hurt, he kicked the bathroom door open and as soon as he did, his mother started hitting him with the baseball bat. After subduing his mother, he called the emergency services for assistance. She was later referred to the mental health unit after the health professionals considered a possible mental health affectation. Assessment of needs In assessing the patient’s needs, I evaluated her ability to ca rry out her daily activities, mostly in relation to self-care (functional needs) (Velligan, et.al., 2004). I also evaluated her family situation, especially in relation to potential family caregivers who can supervise her care and assist her in her daily activities and support her during her recovery period. I also assessed her psychological health and emotional health, interviewing her and her family while asking pertinent questions relating to her feelings and her ability to cope with stress (Popescu and